常用磁性纳米吸附材料的制备及应用研究进展

Research progress in preparation and application of magnetic nano adsorbent materials

磁性纳米吸附材料由于具有较大的比表面积、较小的尺寸以及较强的吸附性,在工业技术、食品安全、生物技术以及环境保护等多个领域中发挥着重要的作用。开展磁性纳米吸附材料的制备及在废水处理中的应用研究,更好的服务于废水处理方向提供理论依据。文章基于磁性纳米吸附材料在废水处理中的常见形态,阐述了磁性纳米吸附材料的定义和分类,研究了3种不同形态即分散性磁性纳米颗粒、磁性纳米液体以及复合结构的磁性纳米粒子制备方法及其在环境特别是在废水处理中的应用,阐明了常见磁性纳米吸附材料的制备方法的优缺点,概述了其在吸附水中重金属、有机物、放射性核素等废水方面的应用,分析了目前应用时遇到的问题,展望了其在废水处理中的发展前景。

Magnetic nano materials with larger specific surface area, small size and strong adsorption play an important role in various fields including industrial technology, biotechnology, food safety and environmental protection. Therefore, it is very important to study the preparation of magnetic nano materials and its application in water treatment and it provides a basis for the better service of adsorption materials in water treatment. This paper is based on the common forms of magnetic nano materials in water treatment, introduces the definition and classification of magnetic nano adsorbent material, researches the preparation methods of three different forms of the material which are dispersed magnetic nano particles, magnetic nano liquid and magnetic nano particles in the composite structure and their applications in environment especially in water treatment. Meanwhile, the paper also compares the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods. In addition, it briefly summarized the various applications of magnetic nano adsorbent in water treatment, such as adsorbing heavy metal, organic compounds, radionuclides and so on. Finally the essay analyzed the problems of this material at present and prospects its further development in water treatment applications.