美国、日本和瑞典的公共养老金一体化改革比较研究——基于不同福利因素综合作用的分析

The Comparative Research of Public Pension Integration Reform of USA,Japan and Sweden:Based on Analysis of Comprehensive Action of Different Welfare Elements

公共养老金一体化改革是福利紧缩议程下的一大改革簇群,由不同的一体化改革形式组成。在市场、职业和民权三种福利因素的塑造和推动下,美国、日本和瑞典三国进行了不同形式组合的公共养老金一体化改革。本文尝试从福利因素及其作用机制的角度深入比较和分析三国的一体化改革,藉此提出针对公平性欠缺、基金收支失衡、制度转制成本高和补充养老保险欠缺等中国公共养老金一体化改革亟待解决的问题,以及进行进一步制度改革的政策启示和经验借鉴。

Public pension integration reform is a large reform clusters in agenda of welfare retrenchment, composed ofdifferent integration reform forms. Under shaping and driving of three welfare elements, like market, profession and civil rights, USA, Japan and Sweden conducted different integration reforms in terms of combination. The article attempts to give in-depth analysis and comparison in eyes of welfare elements and its mechanism of driving so as to put forward enlightenment and experience reference, which will benefit China＇ s public pension integration reform in terms of sorting out issues like lack of equity, fund payment imbalances, high transition cost and lack of supplementary oension etc. during the period of economic new normal.