丝状绿藻生长的环境影响因子及控制技术研究进展

The research progress in environmental factors and control techniques of filamentous green algae growth

丝状绿藻是水生态系统中一类重要的初级生产者,由于其与沉水植物、浮游微藻的生态位高度重叠,所以这三者之间存在着复杂的相互作用关系。近年来,在成功恢复沉水植物的清澈湖泊中出现了大量繁殖的丝状绿藻,过度生长的丝状绿藻会影响沉水植物的生长、扩繁和浮游微藻的群落动态变化。因此,如何控制丝状绿藻的过度增殖成为当前水生生态系统研究的关注焦点。本文从丝状绿藻的角度出发,综述了丝状绿藻生态学功能、生长影响因素;过度增殖的控制方法及其与沉水植物、浮游微藻之间的生态学竞争优势的研究进展,并从丝状绿藻的生活史、竞争机制等方面展望了丝状绿藻的控制策略,以期为水生态恢复和湖泊生态管理提供理论依据。

Filamentous green algae （FGA） are one group of the important primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. Because of high niche overlapping, there are complex interactions among FGA, submerged macrophytes and planktonic microalgae. In recent years, a large number of FGA have appeared in the clear lakes that have successfully recovered submerged plants, and excessive growth of FGA could affect the growth and propagation of submerged macrophytes and dynamic changes of planktonic communities. Thus, how to control the excessive proliferation of FGA becomes one of the hot topics in the aquatic ecosystem research. This paper reviews the progresses in the study of ecological functions of FGA, the effects of environmental factors on the growth, control methods of overgrowth and the competitive advantages between FGA and submerged plants and phytoplankton. The control strategy of FGA is forecasted from the aspects of life history and competition mechanism of FGA in order to provide important insights into the ecological restoration and management of eutrophic shallow lakes.