迁居居民活动—出行行为选择机理研究

Selection Mechanisms of Residents' Daily Activity-travel Behavior with Housing Mobility

迁居居民日常活动—出行模式不仅是短期决策下的行为响应,更是长期生活中习惯、态度等因素的作用结果.本文基于时间地理学和计划行为理论,应用迁居居民活动日志调查数据,从外部时空制约和行为习惯两个方面考虑迁居居民出行行为的动态调整过程,构建了迁居居民活动—出行行为选择机理的结构方程模型.结果表明,在迁居事件作用下,居民活动—出行行为发生了巨大调整.具体而言,居民活动—出行调整过程中存在显著的层级决策序列,通勤活动的调整优于非通勤活动,且会制约着非通勤的安排,进而影响到不同类型的非通勤活动间的交互关系.其次,居民行为选择还受过去态度及偏好的正向引导作用,习惯影响次之,且迁居前各行为间存在的交互模式会进一步传递到现活动安排中,主要凸显在非通勤上.与此同时,外部时空制约和主观因素同时作用于现出行行为上时,外部制约会通过态度或习惯的影响来调整活动和出行模式,以维持或重构日常生活支持网.

Residents＇ daily activity-travel mode with housing mobility is not only a response in short-term decisions, but also a result of factors such as behavior attitudes and habits in long-term daily life. This paper takes relocated residents as the study object, and analyzes the dynamic adjustment of daily activity-travel through external space-time constraints and behavior habits based on the theory of time geography and planned behavior, then a SEM is applied to explore the selection mechanisms of activity-travel on housing mobility. The result shows that effects of housing mobility to individual activity-travel behavior reflect on the adjustment of commuting patterns at first, and then on the non-commuting patterns. Specifically, the greater individual is subject to commuting constraints, the more easy to be adjusted by the way of commuting mode and starting time, and the adjustment of commuting will make a difference to non-commuting activity and then affect the intra-interactions mode of activities. Meanwhile, residents＇ daily travel behavior is influenced by the past travel behaviors or habits, and the dependence relation among the past behaviors can delivery to present activity-travel behavior.