研究生择业过程中工作单位选择及其性别差异研究——基于全国研究生院高校的调查

Occupation Choice of Academic Postgraduates and Gender Differences

本文基于一项针对全国研究生院高校学术型研究生就业状况的调查数据,分析硕士研究生择业过程中工作单位选择的影响因素及性别差异。研究发现:在控制学科、硕士学校类型以及家庭社会资本因素的情况下,科研成果和专业能力对于进入学术机构具有决定作用,而行业职业资格证书对于进入党政机关/事业单位具有显著的正向作用,国有企业更为看重个体的党员身份。另外,从性别差异角度看,女性硕士研究生进入学术机构的概率与男性并无差异,进入党政机关/事业单位的概率要高于男性。即便女性拥有党员身份的比例高于男性,她们进入国有企业的比例显著低于男性。

Based on a survey of academic postgraduates from universities with graduate school throughout the country, this paper has analyzed factors influencing their occupation choices during the process of job searching and further probed into the gender differences in this aspect. It is found that under the control of discipline, postgraduate university and some SES factors, scientific publications and self-rated professional capabilities are conducive to access to academic institutions, while occupational certificates play a positive role in entering government departments and their affiliated institutions. In addition, state-owned enterprises pay much attention the status of Communist Party Member. From the gender perspective, there is no significant difference in joining the academic institutions between female and male postgraduates and yet the former is more likely to join the government departments and their affiliated institutions. What surprises us is that even if more female postgraduates are Communist Party Members, they have a lower probability to join state-owned enterprises.