医疗保险制度对不同收入阶层的影响——基于辽宁省城镇居民的分析

Impact of Medical Insurance System on Different Income Groups——Empirical Study Based on Urban Residents in Liaoning Province

本文利用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数,测算辽宁省医疗保险对不同收入阶层的影响,并探讨通过个人账户调整建立的门诊统筹对收入分配的影响。研究表明:总体上城镇基本医疗保险缩小了收入差距,具有正的再分配效应;低收入阶层对医疗保险的支出和收入的变化更为敏感;在收入总量不变的前提下,门诊统筹实现了收入阶层之间的再分配,有利于医疗保险的公平。因此,有针对性地调整部分医疗保险政策对于缩小收入差距具有重要影响。

Using Lorenz Curves and Gini Coefficient,this paper measures the impact of medical insurance on different income groups and explores the impact of outpatient coordination which is established by adjusting personal accounts on income distribution in Liaoning Province. The results are as follows： the urban basic medical insurance generally narrows the income gap,with the positive redistribution effect; low income groups are more sensitive to the changes of expenditure or income in health insurance; under the premise of total income constant,outpatient coordination achieves the redistribution between different income groups,which is beneficial to the equity of health insurance. Therefore,targeted adjustments of health insurance policies will have an important impact on narrowing the income gap.