财政科技支出是否有助于技术创新:一个实证检验

Does Public Financial Expenditure on Science and Technology Contribute to Technological Innovation?

本文旨在考察政府的财政科技支出能否纠正技术创新中的技术外部性和金钱外部性。技术创新活动存在知识积累过程中的技术外部性和协调创新过程中的金钱外部性,使得竞争性市场环境下的技术创新难以达到最优水平,从而为政府干预提供了经济学依据。本文选取中国1998—2006年相关财政支出数据和30个省级区域的创新数据,利用面板数据模型对上述渠道进行实证检验。研究结果表明,财政性物质资本投入和财政性人力资本投入能够显著地推动技术创新,但是财政性创新活动协调投入没有产生理论上应有的促进作用。

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the government＇s public financial expenditure on science and technology can rectify technical externality and monetary externality during technological innovation. Technological innovation leads to technical externality during knowledge accumulation and monetary externality during the process of coordinating innovation,which makes it difficult for technological innovation under the competitive market environment to reach the optimal level. This provides economic basis for government intervention. This article selects Chinese fiscal expenditure data between 1998 and 2006 as well as the innovative data of 30 provincial areas to carry out an empirical test. The results show that financial investment in material capital and human capital significantly promotes technological innovation. But the concerted investment of financial innovation activities does not work well as stated in theory.