养老机构公建民营:现状、特征及问题

Private Operating Public Elder Care Institutions:the Status Quo,Characteristics and Problems

养老机构公建民营是中国公办养老机构的改革方向。本文通过对47个国内养老机构公建民营案例的分析,梳理了养老机构公建民营的简要历程,认为当前养老机构公建民营具有改革实践时间短、参与社会组织较为多样、民营机构参与方式集中、承包期限灵活、社会组织参与要求高等基本特征。本文进一步分析了养老机构公建民营面临的公建民营实践形式界定困难、公办养老机构定位不清、政府养老职能错位、服务对象不明确等主要问题,并提出了相应的政策建议。

Private operating public elder care institutions are the reform direction of public elder care Institutions. Based on analysis of 47 domestic cases, the brief history of private operating public elder care institutions is reviewed. Private operatiny public elder care institutions have five characteristics ： （ 1 ） the short time of reform practice ; （2） diverse participation of social organizations ; （3） private institutions involved in concentration ; （4） flexible term contract ; （ 5 ） high requirement for social organizations participation. The article analyzes several problems of private operating public elder care institutions and gives the corresponding policy suggestions.