间充质干细胞调控破骨细胞分化及功能的研究进展

Recent Advances in the Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Osteoclastogenesis

间充质干细胞(MSCs)对骨代谢的作用是多方面的。MSCs对破骨细胞和骨吸收的调控是其中一个很重要的方面。MSCs对破骨有双面的调节作用,可能促进或者抑制,取决于炎症环境的情况。在一些生理、病理环境下,MSCs通过分泌相关细胞因子对破骨细胞的形成及功能起正向调控作用。但在某些炎症状态下,MSCs可能也通过旁分泌作用实现对破骨细胞形成和分化的抑制作用,尤其是在体外共培养破骨细胞与MSCs,MSCs对破骨细胞的形成表现出抑制作用。了解MSCs对破骨细胞的调控作用,有助于了解炎症微环境下MSCs对骨丢失的治疗潜能。

The effect of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） on bone formation is complex and various. The effect of MSCs on osteoelastogenesis and bone resorption is a main aspect. Bone resorption is tightly and dynamically regulated by multi- ple mediators, including cytokines that act directly on osteoclasts and their precursors, or indirectly by modulating os- teoblast lineage cells that in turn regulate osteoclast differentiation. Under some physiological conditions, the eytokines produced by MSCs have important roles in a diverse range of osteoclastogenesis processes. However, during inflammation, MSCs suppress osteoclast formation and activity, partly via paraerine effects. MSCs thus seem to have a dual effect, by stimulating or inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, depending on the inflammatory level. This effect of MSCs on osteoclast formation may be exploited for the therapeutic potential of MSCs in bone loss associated with inflammatory diseases.