头孢菌素类抗生素致过敏性休克55例分析

An Analysis of 55 Cases of Allergic Shock Induced by Cephalosporins

目的 :探讨头孢菌素类抗生素致过敏性休克的特点和规律 ,以预防或避免其重复发生 ,促进临床合理用药。方法 :按文献计量学方法 ,收集国内 3 4种主要药学期刊 1996～ 2 0 0 1年 6月报道的头孢菌素类抗生素致过敏性休克的个案 ,采用描述性研究方法进行分析。结果 :头孢菌素类抗生素致过敏性休克反应严重 ,病死率高 ,临床上应引起高度重视和警惕。结论 :使用本类药物前应详问家族过敏史、药敏史和是否为过敏体质 ,并采用拟用药物做过敏性试验 ,确保安全用药。

Objective:To delineate the characteristics and regularities of allergic shock induced by cephalosporins so as to prevent its recurrence and promote the rational use of drugs. Methods:The case reports of cephalosporins induced allergic shock were retrieved and collected from 34 main periodicals on pharmaceutics during the period of 1996 to 2001. Then a descriptive analysis of the data was conducted by using the literature metrological methods. Results:Great precautions should be taken as the cephalosporins induced allergic shock develops very quickly and cause very high mortality rate. Conclusion:Family history, anaphylactic constitution and anaphylactogenesis history as well as the skin test should be taken in detail before the use of cephalosporins so as to guarantee the safety.