知识模块化对联盟治理机制的影响——基于知识密集联盟的实证研究

How Knowledge Modularity Affects Alliance Governance Mechanism:Based on Knowledge-Intensive Strategic Alliance

知识密集联盟富含高密度的知识资产,这些资产极易受到机会主义行为的侵害,对其的治理一直复杂而富有挑战性。传统的联盟治理机制各有不足,且代价不菲。知识模块化提供了另一种"内嵌"机制的选择:通过预先设计将需要投入的知识"包裹"进不同的模块,需要共享的知识则以标准化界面接口的形式存在,在事实上减少各模块间的交互依赖性,实现简单治理。研究结果表明:对知识密集联盟,知识模块化可增进联盟绩效;传统的联盟治理机制亦可增进联盟绩效;在对联盟绩效的影响上,知识模块化在一定程度上可以替代正式治理机制;在对联盟绩效的影响上,知识模块化在一定程度上可以替代关系治理机制。

Knowledge-intensive strategic alliance contains high density knowledge assets which is vulnerable to opportunistic behaviors of alliance partners,making the governance of strategic alliance complex and challenging.The traditional alliance governance mechanisms involve weakness in governing alliance activities with varying degrees,and are usually costly as well.Nevertheless,knowledge modularity,some kind of inner embedded governing mechanism,provides another alternative to governing alliance,which can simply solve the alliance governance problem by means of modularizing knowledge inputs of alliance activities,facilitating knowledge sharing through the construction of standard inter-partner knowledge-sharing interface,and finally reducing the level of cross modularity inter-dependence.The main contribution of this study lies in three parts;first,in knowledge-intensive strategic alliance,knowledge modularity and traditional alliance governance mechanisms both can advance alliance perfermance.Second,knowledge modularity to some extent can substitute formal governance in advancing alliance performance.Lastly,the role played by relational governance in facilitating alliance performance to some extent is analogous to knowledge modularity,and the latter can substitute the former.