以需为本的残疾人社会保障:国际经验与中国实践

Needs-based Social Security for Persons with Disabilities: International Experience and Application in China

文章梳理了发达国家在残疾人社会保障的理念、手段、责任主体、操作执行和法律保障的成功经验,探讨了我国当前建设残疾人社会保障制度存在的理念、现实和制度困境,利用发达国家成功经验带给我们的启示对建立我国残疾人社会保障制度提出了初步政策设计:即转变保障理念重新审视残疾人社会保障建立的各项目标,将信息化平台建设和管理作为社会保障的执行基础,建立多元化责任主体协作管理机制,实行"按需保障"为社会保障制度建设寻找突破口,构建残疾人权益保障的法律体系,保障残疾人获益的实际效果。

The article reviewed the successful experience of the concept, means, main subjects of responsibility, execution and legal protectionof social security for persons with disabilities（PWDs） in developed countries, and explored the idea, plight, challenges and institutional dilemmas of China＇s current social security system for PWDs. It made the preliminary design of policies for China＇s social security building for PWDs by applying the successful experience learned from developed countries： to re-examine the goals of social security for PWDs by changing the ideas; design of policies for China＇s social security building for PWDs by applying the successful experience learned from developed countries： to re-examine the goals ofsocial security for PWDs bychangingtheideas;to make the construction and management of information technology platform as the basement of social security execution; to find a breakthrough for the development of current social security system by establishing a multiple-subject of responsibility cooperative management mechanism and implementingthe principleof ＂demand-basedsecurity＂; and to guarantee the actual effects gained from social security by buildingthe legislation system on the protection of PWDs＇ equity.