甘肃平凉地区中老年骨质疏松症的流行病学调查分析

An epidemiological investigation and analysis of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly in Pingliang area of Gansu Province

目的通过流行病学调查甘肃平凉地区中老年骨质疏松症的发病状况与危险因素。方法 2013年9月至2016年5月采用分层随机抽样方式,在甘肃省平凉地区选择1 800名社区居民作为研究对象,调查所有居民的基线资料,同时进行骨质疏松的测定与判定。结果 1 800例中老年居民中共有骨质疏松患者320例,发病率为17.8%,其中男性240例,女性80例;平均年龄(61.93±7.93)岁;平均髋部骨密度为(1.33±0.22)g/cm^2。骨质疏松患者与非骨质疏松居民的性别、年龄、骨质疏松家族史、饮酒、吸烟、体质量指数、腰围等对比有明显差异(P<0.05)。偏相关方法显示骨质疏松症患者的年龄、吸烟、体质量指数、腰围和骨质疏松家族史与骨密度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄(OR=3.422)、吸烟(OR=2.671)、体质量指数(OR=2.681)为导致骨质疏松的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论甘肃平凉地区中老年骨质疏松症的发病率比较高,年龄、吸烟、体质量指数为主要的危险因素,需要积极遵循个体化与整体化防控原则,从而降低骨质疏松症的发生率。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological data and risk factors of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly in PingLiang area of Gansu Province.Methods During Sept.2013 and May 2016,a total of 1 800 community residents were selected using a stratified random sampling method.The baseline data were investigated,and osteoporosis was detected.Results Altogether 320 cases of osteoporosis were detected,including 240 males and 80 females,the incidence rate being 17.8%.The patients＇average age was 61.93±7.93 years,and the average hip bone mineral density was 1.33±0.22 g/cm^2.There were significant differences in gender,age,family history of osteoporosis,drinking,smoking,waist circumference,body mass index（MBI）between osteoporosis cases and non-osteoporosis cases（P 0.05）. Partial correlation analysis showed that age,smoking, BMI, waist circumference,and family history of osteoporosis were positively correlated with bone mineral density（P〈0.05）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age（OR=3.422）,smoking（OR=2.671）,and BMI（OR=2.681）were independent risk factors of osteoporosis（P〈0.05）.Conclusions The incidence of osteoporosis is high among middle-aged and elderly.Age,smoking,body mass index are the main risk factors of osteoporosis.The individual and integrated prevention and control principles should be strictly observed to reduce the incidence of osteoporosis.