苹果小吉丁虫的生物学及其生活史讨论

Discussion on Biology and Life History Associated with Agrilus mali Matsumura

为了澄清苹果小吉丁虫的生物学,对我国1954年以来的文献和资料进行了归纳和总结。结果表明,该害虫在我国的寄主包括苹果、海棠、沙果(花红)、楸子、香果树、槟子(红果)、山定子、花楸、樱桃和榅桲,其分布区与野生寄主海棠、槟子、沙果等完全重合。该害虫幼虫有5个龄期,除在黑龙江可能2a发生1代外,在其余省区1a发生1代;依据越冬幼虫出蛰、蛹、成虫和当年幼虫越冬等发生期的差异,苹果小吉丁虫在我国具有4个年生活史类型区,即黑龙江、新疆、宁夏和青海,内蒙古、吉林和辽宁,河北、河南、甘肃和山东,山西、陕西、湖北和江苏。

In order to clarify the biological characteristics of Agrilus mali Matsumura, relative literatures since 1954 were consulted and summarized. The results indicated that the hosts of the parasite included apple,Chinese flowering crabapple, Chinese pear-leaved crab-apple,Malus prunifolia ,Eznmenopterys henryi, Malus asiatica var. rinki,M, baccata, mountain ash, cherry and Cydonia oblonga. The distribution of this pest was in accordance with the distribution of wild hosts of Chinese flowering crabapple,M, asiatica and Chinese pear-leaved crab-apple, etc. The larva of the pest had 5 instars, and it was one generation per year in most provinces except for one generation every two years in Heilongjiang Province. According to the differences in emergence periods, including the eclosion of overwintering larva, pupa, adult and overwintering larva in current year,the A. mall possessed four typical areas of annual life history： type Ⅰ（Heilongjiang,Xinjiang, Ningxia and Qinghai） ; type Ⅱ （Neimenggu, Jilin and Liaoning）; type Ⅲ （Hebei, Henan, Gansu and Shandong）; type Ⅳ （Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hubei and Jiangsu）.