椎体压缩骨折经皮后凸成形术及其并发症的观察和护理体会

Observation and Nursing Experience of Percutaneous Kyphonplasty in Vertebral Compression Fracture and its Complications

目的探讨经皮后凸成形术(PKP)治疗椎体压缩骨折及其并发症的护理。方法 97例患者在C型臂X线机透视下行椎体后凸成形术(PKP术)。术中严密监测骨水泥在注射过程中是否有渗漏现象,密切观察生命体征、血氧饱和度及患者肢体的活动情况;术后严密观察并发症并指导患者的康复训练。结果 96例患者在术后6~48 h内疼痛缓解:6 h内19/97(19.6%),12 h内51/97(52.6%),24 h内23/97(23.7%),48 h内3/97(3.1%)。1例术后疼痛加重,1周后缓解,全部患者出院时均已恢复行走。术后CT示6例出现骨水泥渗漏,无神经受压表现。结论PKP术治疗椎体压缩性骨折具有容易操作、创伤小、疗效显著等特点。加强护理可提高疗效、预防并减少并发症的发生。

Objective To study the nursing of percutaneous kyphonplasty（ PKP） in vertebral compression fractures and its complications. Methods A total of 97 patients were received PKP under the perspective of the C arm X-ray. The leakage phenomenon in the process of injecting bone cement,the vital signs,the blood saturation and the movement of the limbs were closely monitored through the operation. The complications were closely observed after the operation and the rehabilitation training was carried out in professional guidance.Results There were 96 patients presented pain relief within 6-48 h after the operation： within 6 h 19/97（ 19. 6%）,within 12 h 51/97（ 52. 6%）,within 24 h 23/97（ 23. 7%）,within 48 h 3/97（ 3. 1%）. Postoperation pain was reported in one case only and was eased up after a week. All patients were able to walk after discharge. Postoperative CT revealed bone cement leakage in 6 patients,but with no nerve compression performance. Conclusion PKP for vertebral compression fractures is of smaller trauma,easy operation,and better curative effect. Strengthening nursing care is essential to improve curative effect,so as to prevent and reduce complications.