不同磷水平下接种AM真菌对矿区废弃地土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of AM Fungi Inoculated with Different Phosphorus Levels on Soil Enzyme Activities in Abandoned Mining Area

【目的】针对煤矿开采造成土壤肥力下降,结构破坏,尤其是土壤酶活性降低的严重问题。【方法】以玉米为宿主植物,以矿区废弃地土壤为供试基质,通过不同磷水平(0,25,50,100 mg/kg)下接种不同AM真菌(G.e,G.m,G.i)的双因素盆栽试验,研究其对废弃地土壤AM真菌孢子数及土壤酶活性的影响,旨在为矿区废弃地土壤质量改善筛选优势AM真菌种属及施磷水平提供科学依据。【结果】接种处理土壤中均发现孢子,同一施磷水平AM真菌孢子数均呈G.e>G.m≥G.i的变化趋势。与不接种的对照处理相比,接种AM真菌可以提高土壤碱性磷酸酶,脲酶和蔗糖酶活性,其中土壤碱性磷酸酶活性以25 mg/kg磷水平接种G.e处理提高幅度最大,达29.9%;土壤脲酶活性以100 mg/kg磷水平接种G.e处理提高幅度最大,达29.8%;土壤蔗糖酶活性以0mg/kg磷水平接种G.i处理提高幅度最大,达12.5%。【结论】接种AM真菌与施磷水平互作对土壤AM真菌孢子数及土壤脲酶活性具有极显著影响,对土壤碱性磷酸酶及蔗糖酶活性无显著影响。

[ Objective ] The degradation in soil structure and fertility following coal mining was studied, especially in the decrease of soil en-zyme activities. [ Method ] The different AM （ G. e, G. m, G. i ） in the soil from the abandoned land in mining area with potted corn as hostplants combined with phosphorous treatment at 0,25,50,100 mg/kg were inoculated, and the number of fungi spores and soil enzyme activi-ties under the treatments were examined for selecting superior AM strains and optimum phosphorus level in the abandoned land of coal miningarea. [ Result ] The spores in all inoculated soils were presented with increasing numbers of spores in the order of G. e 〉 G. m t〉 G. i at thesame rate of phosphorous application. Compared of control treatment, the inoculation increased the activities in alkaline phosphatase, ureaseand sucrase, among which the highest increase of enzyme activity was 29.9 % in alkaline phosphatase at phosphorous rate of 25 mg/kg; In-oculated with G. e, and 29.8 % in urease at 100 mg/kg; Inoculated with G. i, and 12.5 % in sucrase at 0 mg/kg. [ Conclusion]The inter-action between the inoculation and phosphorous rates affected the number of spores and activity of urease significantly and insignificantly onthe activities of alkaline phosphatase and sucrase.