黄瓜种子产量高低品系双受精过程中内源激素变化

Change of cucumber seed yield lines endogenous hormone during the process of double fertilization

以黄瓜单瓜种子产量高品系D1158-1和低品系D0435-3-1-1为试验材料,人工自交授粉,切片观察二者受精发育过程差异,同时通过试剂盒测定玉米素(ZR)、生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA)四种内源激素变化,综合分析受精卵发育及内源激素变化差异表明,黄瓜授粉受精后4~12 h,D1158-1与D0435-3-1-1受精卵发育差异不明显,授粉后24~36 h,D1158-1受精卵发育过程快于D0435-3-1-1,授粉后36 h完成受精作用进入合子分裂期,黄瓜作为双受精有丝分裂前配子融合类型,授粉后24~48 h完成受精作用。两个黄瓜品系四种内源激素随授粉时间推移,呈逐渐增加趋势,授粉后24~36 h相继达到峰值,与受精作用紧密相关的ZR、IAA、ABA三种激素在24~36 h,D1158-1和D0435-3-1-1间差异显著。D1158-1的IAA/ZR均大于D0435-3-1-1,说明其与授精阶段单瓜种子产量形成关系密切。发现两个黄瓜品系授粉授精后,D0435-3-1-1的IAA/ABA、GA/ABA、ZR/ABA及(GA+ZR+IAA)/ABA比值均大于D1158-1。ABA在受精作用中具有重要作用。在黄瓜授粉受精过程中,单瓜种子产量高品系D1158-1三种内源激素(ZR、IAA、ABA)含量均显著高于低产品系D0435-1-1,IAA从黄瓜受精初期到结束均发挥作用;ABA含量最高与授粉受精关系密切;ZR作用于精卵融合阶段与种子发育形成最为密切,影响黄瓜单瓜种子产量。

Lines D0435-3-1-1 and Dl158-1 in the research group had screened the cucumber seeds per fruit with high yield and single fruit seed yield low as test materials, artificial pollination, the difference between the two sections to observe the fertilization process, at the same time through the kit for determination of zeaxanthin （ZR）, auxin （IAA）, abscisic acid （ABA）, gibberellin （GA） changes of four endogenous hormones, comprehensive analysis of changes of endogenous hormones and fertilized egg development showed that cucumber pollinated 4-12 h after fertilization. D1158-1 and D0435-3-1-1 zygotes were not significantly different after pollination, 24-36 h, Dl158-1 of the zygote was faster than that of D0435-3-1-1, after 36 h pollination for fertilization the two enter the zygote stage, cucumbers as the double fertilization of the premitotic type of syngamy, 24-48 h after pollination complete fertilization. Two cucumber varieties of four kinds of endogenous hormones increased during the time passed after pollination, showed a gradual increasing trend, 24-36 h after fertilization the trend had reached a peak. It was closely related with fertilization ZR IAA, ABA, 24-36 h in hormones. There was significant difference between Dl158-1 and D0435-3-1 D1158-1 IANZR were higher than D0435-3-1-1, the stage of single fruit seed yield formation had a close relationship. At the same time the two pollination and insemination cucumber lines after D0435-3-1-1, the ratios of IANABA, GNABA, ZR/ABA and （GA＋ZR＋IAA）/ABA were greater than D1158-1. ABA plays an important role in fertilization. The contents of three endogenous hormones （ZR, IAA, ABA） in D1158-1 were significantly higher than those in low-yielding lines D0435-1-1, IAA from cucumber fertilization in the early stage of cucumber pollination and fertilization. And the highest level of ABA was closely related to pollination and fertilization. ZR was the most closely related to seed development during the stage of spermatozoa fusion, which could affect the yield of cucumber seeds.