日语存在句的数量词研究——从体和数量词游离的角度

A Study of Quantifiers in Japanese Existential Sentence from the Perspective of Aspect and Quantifiers Floating

日语存在句分为静态存在句和动态存在句。静态存在句的存在物的数量是"达成量",动态存在句的存在物的数量是"同时量"。另外还有表示事物属性的"属性量"。属性量用「QのNC」型,数量词处于存在物定语的位置。"达成量"和"同时量"的位置会发生游离。数量词做定语「QのNC」型,倾向于集合性认知;数量词做补语「NCQ」型,倾向于离散性认知。

Japanese existential sentences are classified into static existential sentences and dynamic existential sen- tences. The quantity of existence in static existential sentences are achievement amount. The quantity of existence in dynamic existential sentences are the same time amount. The expression of the attribute of things is attribute amount. The attribute amount is the type of [QのNC], and quantifiers are always in the position of attribute. The position of the achievement amount and the same time amount is floating. In the type of [QのNC], quantifiers are in the posi- tion of attribute, inclined to convey collective cognition; in the type of [NCQ], quantifiers are in the position of predicative, inclined to convey discrete cognition.