福建省市售水产品中寄生虫感染调查

Parasite pollution in aquatic products marketed in Fujian Province

目的调查福建省市售水产品鱼、虾中寄生虫感染状况,为保障食品安全提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样调查方法,以自然地域将福建省划分为闽东、闽南、闽西、闽北和闽中5个地区,收集各个地区农贸市场和超市的淡水或海水水产品为材料,采用消化法和压片法检测寄生虫囊蚴或幼虫。结果 2012-2016年检测淡水类水产品20种,寄生虫感染率为5.15%(130/2 524),其中囊蚴的感染率为3.72%(94/2 524),幼虫的感染率为1.43%(36/2 524);检查海水类水产品28种,寄生虫感染率为17.25%(88/510),均为异尖线虫。5个地区的寄生虫感染率分别为:闽东地区为10.38%(27/260)、闽南地区为5.84%(27/462)、闽西地区为4.63%(30/648)、闽北地区为4.64%(29/625)和闽中地区为9.91%(103/1 039)。结论福建省淡水类水产品受到寄生虫污染,不同地区流行情况有较大差异,海水类水产品的感染率相差很大。应加强食品安全卫生宣传,采取有效的防控策略,以保障食品安全。

We studied the status of parasite pollution in fish and shrimps in Fujian Province,and provided basis for prevention and control of parasite pollution and food safety in aquatic products.Stratified random sampling method was used,and Fujian Province was divide into Eastern,Southern,Western,Northern and Central five regions of Fujian province.Based on the data collected from the five regions between 2012 and 2016,digestion and compression methods were conducted to detect the levels of parasite metacercariae and larvae in both freshwater and marine products.Results showed that the total parasitoid infection rate was 5.15%（130/2 524）.The infection rate of trematode metacercariae and nematode larvae were 3.72%（94/2524）and 1.43%（36/2 524）,respectively.Twenty-eight marine aquatic species were investigated and the infection rate was17.25%（88/510）,in the form of Anisakis infection.The parasite infection rates in the five regions were 10.38%（27/260）in Mindong,5.84%（27/462）in Minnan,4.63%（30/648）in Minxi,4.64%（29/625）in Minbei and 9.91%（103/1 039）in Minzhong.The freshwater products in Fujian Province have been polluted by parasites and are area-depended.The infection rate of marine aquatic products is kept in a high level.Fujian Province should strengthen the food safety and health publicity,take effective prevention and control strategies,and use early warning mechanisms to insure the food safety in province.