四川草地资源利用现状、潜力及分类经营研究

Utilization Status,Potentiality and Classified Management of Grassland Resources in Sichuan Province

本研究以四川草地资源现状及未来发展潜力为依据,基于草地资源的生产经济性能、生态服务价值功能理论为基础,将其从地域空间上划分为经济功能区、混合功能区和生态功能区。结果表明:经济功能区面积约997.36万公顷,占研究区草地面积的47.9%,此区分区指数为1.67,主要分布在高寒草甸草地,主要是以获取经济效益为主的经营管理理念;生态功能区面积约349.45万公顷,占研究区草地面积的16.8%,此区分区指数均小于分区标准中的0.6,主要分布在山地草丛和农隙草地,以生态保护和社会效益为目的;混合功能区面积约734.48万公顷,占研究区草地面积的35.3%,此区分区指数均在0.6~1.5之间,最高1.39,最低0.61,主要分布在亚高山草甸草地、山地灌丛草地、干旱河谷灌丛草地、山地草甸草地、高寒沼泽草地以及高寒灌丛草甸草地,在适度利用条件下,生态效益与经济效益并重。通过分析数据,对四川草地的生产力和生态价值进行评估,研究草地类型中生产力指数最高为0.5200,最低为0.0153;生态服务价值指数最高为0.3122,最低为0.0188。以此探讨草地资源分类经营的机制,为四川草地畜牧业的可持续发展提供科学依据。

Based on the analysis of economic and ecological c, haracteristics , Siehuan grassland resources were divided into three func- tion areas. The first one was the economic function area which occupied 9. 97 million hm2 and accounted for 47.9% of the study region, and the classified index was 1.67. Ttlis area was mainly distributed over Alpine meadow grassland, aiming for ecological protection and social effect. The second area was the eeologieal area which covered 3.49 million hm2 and accounted for 16. 8% of study region, and the classified index was less than 0. 6. The main types were mountain herbosa and slack season grasslands. The third one was occupied 7.34 million hm2 and accounted for 35.3% of the study regiun, and the classified index was from 0. 6 to 1.5 in which the highest one was 1.39 while the low- est one was 0. 61. The major grassland types contained sub - alpine meadow grassland, mountain shrub grassland, arid valley shrub grass- land, mountain meadow grassland, alpine swamp meadow and alpine shrub meadow. This part means to lay equal stress on ecological and e- conomic benefits under proper condition. The highest productivity and ecological sela, ice indices were 0. 52 and O. 3122, the lest were 0. 0153 and 0. 0188, respeeivily. The conclusions of this study provided scientific basis for classification mechanism of grassland and the sustainable development of grassland - animal husbandry in Siehuan.