机电产品适应性设计的灰度评价方法

Evaluation of Electromechanical Products Adaptable Design with Grey Relational Analysis

适应性设计是一种既能获得经济效益又能取得环保效应的设计策略,它能赋予产品适应新需求的能力,同时也能在需求发生变化时,提高产品的重用率。然而,由于用户需求的多样性,适应性设计实施起来较为困难。论文把拓展性、升级性、和定制性定义为产品适应性设计所应关注的因素,并给出了各因素的数值化计算方法。结合零部件成本、装配时间以及操作性等因素,利用灰度分析方法定义适应性设计各参数的目标矩阵,结合专家给出的权重和对比方案相对目标矩阵的关联系数计算各设计方案的评价值,进行排序后选择最优方案进行制造。最后以多功能食物搅拌机为例进行了验证,结果证明了论文所提出设计和评价方法的有效性。

adaptable design is a design strategy for both economical and environmental benefits and it makes product adapt to new requirements and raises product and design reusage. However, versatile requirements make the implementation of product adaptability more difficult. In this paper, extendibility, upgradeability, customizability of the components of product are defined as the factors should be concerned in product adaptability design, numerical calculating method of each factor is be given. By integrating part cost, assembly cost and operability with above factors, standard evaluation matrix is established with grey relational analysis. Evaluate design proposals with weight factars given by experts and coefficients of comparative series to standard series. The optimal proposal is chosen to manufacture. Finally, the method is demonstrated with a versatile food mixer which indicated that the method is objective, accurate and highly operable.