固始鸡-安卡鸡正反交F_2代的差异分析

Comparative Analysis on F_2 Population from Reciprocal Cross with Gushi and Anka Chickens

试验比较分析了523只正交(安卡鸡♂×固始鸡♀)和326只反交(固始鸡♂×安卡鸡♀)F_2代资源群体的10个生长性状、20个屠体性状、35个肉质性状、17个血清生化指标。结果:正交组合中反映生长发育的各周龄体重、0~12周龄平均日增重和大部分体尺指标,反映屠体性状的屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率等12个屠体指标,以及反映肉品质的水分、皮下脂肪厚度均明显高于反交组合(P<0.01或P<0.05);而正交组合中肌间脂肪宽极显著低于反交组合(P<0.01);胸肌和腿肌中均有部分肉质指标在组间存在显著差异(P<0.01或P<0.05);血清生化指标中仅胆碱脂酶(CHE)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、淀粉酶(AMY)在组间存在明显差异(P<0.01或P<0.05),其他指标均无明显差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,不同杂交方式对固始鸡-安卡鸡F_2代的生长性状、屠体性状和肉质性状均有明显的影响,但对血清生化指标几乎无影响。

To study the effects of hybridization between Gushi and Anka chicken, comparative analysis for 10 growth traits, 20 carcass traits, 35 meat quality traits and 17 serum biochemical parameters of F2 resource population produced by orthogonal cross （Anka ♂ ×Gushi ♀ ）and reciprocal cross （Gushi ♂ ×Anka ♀ ）was conducted. The results showed that compared with the reciprocal cross, the orthogonal cross exhibited significantly higher in body weight at different stages, average daily weight gain during 0 to 12 weeks of age and most body-size indexes （P〈0.0t or P〈0.05） . Similarily, 12 carcass traits including dressing percentage, percentage of eviscerated yield and percentage of semi-eviscerated yield, some meat quality traits including water content and subcutaneous fat thickness in the orthogonal cross were significantly higher than those by reciprocal cross （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. However, intermuscular fat width showed a highly significant lower level in the orthogonal cross than that in the reciprocal cross （P〈0.01）. Not only in breast muscle but in leg muscle, there were partially significant differences between the two groups （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. Little difference in serum biochemical indexes occurred （P〉0.05）except that cholinesterase （CHE）, low density lipoprotein （LDL） and amylase （AMY） reached the significant level between the two groups （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. So, F2 generation from reciprocal cross with Gushi chickens and Anka chickens had significant effects on growth traits, carcass traits and meat quality traits, whereas few effects on serum biochemical indexes.