三空栽培技术对玉米籽粒含水量的影响

Effect of Three-space Cultivation Pattern on Water Content of Maize Grain

为了解决玉米生产中籽粒水分高的问题,对玉米乳熟期、蜡熟期、完熟期籽粒含水量进行调查。结果表明:在玉米乳熟期及蜡熟期,玉米三空栽培模式与对照处理组水分含量无显著差异,2015年在完熟期玉米三空栽培模式下玉米籽粒含水量为22.43%,对照处理籽粒含水量为31.18%。2016在完熟期玉米三空栽培模式下玉米籽粒含水量为22.64%,对照处理籽粒含水量为33.41%。玉米三空栽培模式下能有效降低玉米果穗不同部位籽粒含水量,果穗基部含水量降低最显著,2015年降低12.54百分点,2016年降低15.21百分点。三空模式不仅能够降低倒伏率和增加玉米产量,同时还能有效降低玉米籽粒含水量,加快脱水速度。玉米三空栽培模式是适宜黑龙江省玉米生产的栽培措施。

In order to solve the problem of the high water content of grain in maize production, the kernel moisture content of maize during milk stage, dough stage and full maturing stage were investigated. The results showed that in the maize milk stage and dough stage, there was no significant difference between the threespace cultivation pattern of maize and the control group. In 2015, the grain moisture content under the threespace cultivation pattern of maize reached 22. 43~ in ripe stage, and the control group reached 31. 18%, In 2016,the grain moisture content under the three-space cultivation pattern of maize reached 22.64% in ripe stage,and the control group reached 33.41%. Three-space cultivation pattern of maize could effectively reduce the water content in different parts of the maize ear, The water content decreased at the base of the ear, decreased 12.54 percent point in 2015 and decreased by 15.21 percent point in 2016. Three-space cultivation pattern of maize could not only reduce the lodging rate and increase the yield of maize, but also effectively reduce the moisture content of maize grain and accelerate the dehydration rate. Three-space cultivation pattern of maize is suitable for the cultivation of maize in Heilongjiang province.