旅游视角下的乡村景观特征及规划思考——以云南元阳阿者科村为例

Tourism Rural Landscape Features and Landscape Planning——A Case Study of Azheke Village of Yuanyang County in Yunnan Province

乡村景观是自然与人类的共同作品,是典型的文化景观,而旅游业的迅速发展已经对乡村景观产生了重要影响。本文以云南省元阳县阿者科村为例,深入分析了哈尼梯田、传统村落和乡土文化景观的特征价值及其在旅游发展中面临的问题,围绕"哈尼梯田遗产价值的保护及展现"、"传统民居的活态保护及价值更新"、"哈尼传统文化价值的保护和传承"这3个关键问题进行了规划思考。提出要从旅游的视角科学地认识并尊重乡村景观的价值,自然性、真实性、完整性、地域性和体验性是乡村景观的核心特征,不仅构成了乡村旅游的重要吸引力,更是进行乡村景观保护和规划的前提和依据。

Rural landscape, the co-work of nature and human beings, is the typical cultural landscape. However, the rapid development of tourism industry has played a significant impact on rural landscape. In the case of Azheke Village of Yuanyang County in Yunnan Province, the value and features of Hani Terrace, traditional villages, and landscape, as well as the problems faced with during tourism development are deeply analyzed. With three core considerations on ＂protecting and expressing the heritage value of Hani Terrace＂, ＂realizing living protection and value renew of traditional residence＂, and ＂ensuring the core value status of local villagers, and realizing the protection and heritage of Hani culture＇s value＂, rural landscape values should be realized and respected scientifically in the view of tourism. In addition, nature, authenticity, integrity, regionalism and experience should be the featured characteristics of rural landscape, which not only constitute the crucial attraction of rural tourism, but also become the premise and guidance of rural landscape protection and planning.