现代有轨电车安全运行的危险源识别与风险评估

Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment of Modern Trams Safe Running

随着现代有轨电车的快速发展,运行安全问题日益凸显。针对现代有轨电车运行安全问题,从系统外部和系统内部分析其安全运行危险因素,建立危险因素库。运用事故树法,根据各个基本事件的逻辑关系搭建事故树,识别危险源,确定事故发生原因。基于LEC法赋值3种因素指标,进行风险评估,确定风险等级。分析结果表明交通环境差、机非混行、乘客的不安全行为以及驾驶员操作不当是造成事故发生的主要危险源。自然灾害、驾驶员操作不当以及共享路权导致事故后果严重,风险等级高。根据结果提出相应的风险防控措施,保证车辆的安全运行。

With the rapid development of modern trams, security of operation become increasingly prominent. Directed at security problems of modern trams, analyzed the risk factors from internal systems and external systems, and established risk factors library. Fault tree was constructed according to the logical relationships between basic events, and hazard was identified to determine the cause of the accident based on fault tree analysis. Three factors index had been assigned based on the LEC method to assess risk and to determine the risk level. The results that bad traffic environment, sharing way, the passengers＇ unsafe behavior and the driver＇s improper operation are the main hazards of accident. Natural disasters, the driver＇s improper operation and sharing way lead to accident consequences and high level of risk. Risk control measures had been proposed to ensure safe oneration of the vehicle according to the results.