江苏地区粮食作物适度规模经营效果评价——基于扬州市和宿迁市362份农户的调查数据

Effect assessment of moderate scale management of grain production in Jiangsu Province——Based on the survey data of 362 farmers in Yangzhou and Suqian

利用江苏省扬州市和宿迁市两地的农户调查数据对水稻和小麦2种粮食作物适度规模经营效果进行评价.结果表明:水稻和小麦的种植总体处于规模报酬不变阶段,种植面积的扩大对产出水平的提高作用不明显;随着经营面积增加,净收益增长显著,3.33 hm^2以上的小麦农户和0.67 hm^2以上的水稻农户与0.67 hm^2以下的农户相比,存在规模效益;0.67 hm^2以下的小农户进一步扩大规模仍然有获益空间,而0.67 hm^2以上的农户则需要注意要素投入配置,防止要素配置比例失衡导致规模不经济.建议应加强农村土地综合整治,推广农业机械的使用以及普及基本农村义务教育,同时进一步推动规模化经营政策,有效提升农户的产出水平和农业生产利润.

This article uses the survey data on rice and wheat in Yangzhou and Suqian, Jiangsu Province. Analyzing the valuation for farmers＇ moderate scale, results showed that, rice and wheat of planting in scale did not in variable stage, expanded farmland to raise the level of per unit of output is not obvious; in wheat,farmlands above 3.33 hm2 can still get more production profit obviously. And in crop, above 0.67 hm2 can get more profit; small farmers under 0.67 hm2 could benefit from expanding the scale of space and farmers above 0.67 hm2 need to be aware of balancing the resource allocation above to prevent diseconomy. The related government should strengthen rural comprehensive improvement of land, promotion of the use of agricultural machinery, as well as universal basic compulsory education in rural areas, while further promoting the policy of large-scale operations can effectively enhance the farmers＇ level of output and agricultural production and profits.