特大城市郊区社区健康公共服务设施空间布局的思考——以上海市金山区为例

Research on the Spatial Identities of Public Health Service Facilities in the Suburban Communities of Metropolises:A Case Study of Jinshan District in Shanghai

社区健康公共服务是"健康中国"、"健康上海"建设的内在要求。以上海市金山区为典型案例,从"需求—供给"的视角开展社区健康公共服务现状评估,发现不同年龄段人群的健康服务需求差异较大,健康公共服务设施空间覆盖度与人群覆盖度存在显著城乡二元特征,"预防—治疗—康养"3个阶段的健康服务设施供给面临不同挑战。借鉴国内外城市经验,提出以人为本的精细化服务、15分钟城乡社区健康服务圈的构建、因地制宜的差异化配置、健康服务设施内涵的提升等规划策略,并进一步讨论规划背后所隐含的服务内容创新、"多规合一"、健康服务需求培育等深层次问题。

Community public health service is the inner demand of Healthy China and Healthy Shanghai programs. Taking Jinshan District in Shanghai as a case study, with the method of ＇demand-supply＇ model, this article evaluates the community health service facilities and fnds a remarkable difference in needs of different aged people, large gap between urban and rural areas in coverage level of facilities, and different issues existing in ＇Prevention-Treatment-Health Care＇ facilities. Learning the experience of other cities in China and abroad, it gives strategies of offering specifc service based on different people needs, building balanced urban-rural ＇15 minutes health service cycles＇, suiting facilities to different local conditions, and promoting the connotation of health service. To be extent, it gives discussions on the institution, planning integration and demand cultivation.