厦门地区0～6个月婴儿ABO血型IgM抗体分析

Analysis of IgM antibody of ABO blood group in infants from 0 to 6 months in Xiamen area

目的 探讨厦门地区出生的0～6个月婴儿ABO血型正反定型符合情况,分析不同年龄组婴儿及不同ABO血型抗-A或抗-B抗体产生的差异.方法 选取厦门市五家医院0～6个月婴儿2 993例,采集EDTA-K2抗凝全血标本,微柱凝胶法进行ABO血型鉴定.将2 993例婴儿按出生年龄大小分为0～7 d、8～14 d、15～31 d、1～2个月、3～4个月和5～6个月共6组,比较各组正反定型符合率.结果 2 993例婴儿中AB型303例,其他血型2 690例.0～7 d、8～14 d、15～31 d、1～2个月、3～4个月和5～6个月婴儿的正反定型符合率分别为57.0%、61.0%、63.0%、71.8%、84.9%和91.0%.不同血型之间的正反定型符合率差异无统计学意义（x2=0.842,P=0.657）,不同年龄之间的ABO正反定型符合率差异有统计学意义（x2=185.683,P〈0.05）.结论 0～6个月婴儿体内已产生ABO血型IgM抗体,婴儿ABO血型鉴定时应进行正反定型,以保障临床输血安全.

Objective To explore the coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group of infants younger than six months in Xiamen area in recent years,and to analyze the difference of anti-A or anti-B antibody in infants of different age groups and different ABO blood groups.Methods 2 993 hospitalized infants from 0 to 6 months in five hospitals of Xiamen area were selected.EDTA-K2 anticoagulant blood samples were collected.Micro-column gel agglutination assay was used in ABO blood group.All the infants were divided into six groups,which aged from 0-7 days,8-14 days,15-31 days,1-2 months,3-4 months and 5-6 months.The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group of each group were compared.Results Of the 2 993 infants,303 cases were AB type.The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group of the other infants which aged from 0-7 days,8-14 days,15-31 days,1-2 months,3-4 months and 5-6 months were 57.0%,61.0%,63.0%,71.8%,84.9% and 91.0%,respectively.The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group between different blood groups had no statistically significant difference（x2=0.842,P=0.657）.The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group had statistically significant difference among different age groups（x2=185.683,P＆lt;0.05）.Conclusion The IgM antibody of ABO blood group is detected in infants younger than six months.Positive and reverse blood group is necessary in ABO blood group identification of infants to guarantee the safety clinical blood transfusion.