银川市郊温棚种植者消化系统疾病现况及危险因素分析

Analysis on present status and risk factors of digestive system diseases in greenhouse growers on outskirts of Yinchuan city

目的了解银川市郊温棚种植者消化系统疾病的患病率,探讨温棚种植作业人员患消化系统疾病的危险因素。方法对银川市郊448名温棚种植者通过问卷调查收集是否患有消化系统疾病及一般人口学、生活习惯、温棚劳作特性等信息,应用非条件二分类Logistic回归模型筛选消化系统疾病的影响因素。结果调查对象中患有消化系统疾病37人,患病率为8.26%。危险因素主要有女性(OR=4.752,95%CI=1.271~17.772)、采用机器喷洒农药(OR=11.837,95%CI=2.243~62.846)、喷洒农药后不洗手(OR=195.007,95%CI=5.905~6438.727)。保护因素包括温棚面积(OR=0.550,95%CI=0.405~0.747)、喷洒农药的时间间隔(OR=0.807,95%CI=0.653~0.997)。结论温棚种植者消化系统疾病患病率比一般人群高;文化水平较低、自我保护意识差是温棚从业者的主要特征,也是导致消化系统疾病高发的主要因素。因此温棚种植者在使用机器喷洒农药时需做好自身防护,根据家庭情况合理分配劳作,科学的增加温棚通风量及合理使用农药。

Objective To understand the morbidity of digestive system diseases among the greenhouse growers in Yin- chuan suburbs and explore its risk factors. Methods The general information, included lifestyle, greenhouse work character- istic, etc. of 448 greenhouse growers from suburbs of Yinchuan city were investigated by questionnaire, meanwhile, the influ- ence factors of digestive system diseases among these growers were screened out by unconditional two classification Logistic re- gression model. Results It was showed that there were 37 subjects suffered from digestive tract disease, the prevalence rate was 8.26%; the main risk factors of these diseases included female （OR = 4. 752, 95% CI= 1. 271 - 17. 772） ; spraying pes- ticides with machines （ OR = 11. 837, 95% CI = 2. 243 - 62. 846） ; did not wash hands after spraying pesticides （ OR = 195. 007, 95%CI= 5. 905-6 438. 727） ; while tile protective factors included area of greenhouse （ OR= O. 550, 95%CI= 0. 405 - 0. 747） and interval of spraying pesticide （ OR = 0. 807, 95% CI= 0. 653 - 0. 997）. Conclusion The results sug- gested that the prevalence of digestive system diseases among greenhouse growers is higher than that of general population ; lower level education and poor awareness of self-protection are main features of greenhouse growers, which were the leading risk factors of digestive diseases. Therefore, it is necessary for growers to do their own protection well during using of mechanical spraying of pesticides, rational distribute labor tasks according to family circumstances, enhance the ventilation and use of pes- ticides scientifically.