彩色多普勒超声对儿童甲状腺肿瘤的诊断价值研究

Diagnostic value of Color Doppler ultrasound on children with thyroid neoplasms

目的探究彩色多普勒超声对儿童良性和恶性甲状腺肿瘤中诊断特征及价值研究。方法选择2013年7月至2016年8月郑州大学附属肿瘤医院接收的64例甲状腺肿瘤儿童患者,根据病理结果分为良性组和恶性组,用彩色多普勒超声对所有儿童患者的甲状腺进行检查。结果良性组甲状腺肿瘤以Ⅰ型彩色血流为主,恶性组甲状腺肿瘤以Ⅲ型彩色血流为主;恶性组的收缩期最大血流速度(Vmax)和阻力指数(IR)显著性高于良性组(P<0.05);恶性组甲状腺肿瘤主要具有小钙化病灶、形态不规则、边缘模糊、内部不均匀回声的特征,而良性组甲状腺肿瘤主要具有无钙化病灶、形态规则、边缘不模糊、内部均匀回声的特征;超声诊断良性和恶性甲状腺肿瘤的符合率分别为95.45%和95.00%;病灶钙化诊断恶性甲状腺肿瘤敏感度最高,肿瘤内部及周边Ⅲ型血流表现诊断恶性甲状腺肿瘤的特异度最高。结论彩色多普勒超声检查儿童甲状腺肿瘤具有很高的准确符合率,良性和恶性甲状腺肿瘤超声图像特征差异明显,具有临床使用价值。

Objective To explore the characteristic performance and value of ultrasonic testing for benign and malignant thyroid tumors of children with thyroid neoplasms. Methods Selected 64 cases of children with thyroid tumors in our hospital from July 2013 to August 2016. The patients were divided into benign group and malignant group depended on pathological results. Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to examine the thyroid gland in all children. Results The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid tumors was 95. 45% and 95%,respectively. The color blood flow was the main type of thyroid tumor in the benign group. The color blood flow was the main type of malignant tumor in the malignant group. The peak systolic blood flow velocity（ Vmax） and resistance index（ IR） in malignant group were significantly higher than those in benign group（ P 〈0. 05）. The malignant group mainly has the characteristics of small calcified lesions,irregular shape,fuzzy edge,and inhomogeneous internal echo. Meanwhile,in the benign group,the thyroid tumors were mainly characterized by non calcified lesions,morphological rules,non blurred edges,and even internal echoes. The highest sensitivity was highest in the diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumors,and the highest specificity was highest in the diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumors. Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound examination of thyroid tumors in children have a high accurate rate. Benign and malignant thyroid tumor ultrasound image characteristics are significantly different,and have practical value for clinical use.