女性泌尿生殖道支原体感染的临床特点与耐药性分析

Clinical characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of mycoplasma in female genitourinary tract infection

目的观察女性泌尿生殖道支原体感染的临床特点,分析其耐药性。方法回顾性分析2015年3月至2016年3月期间在我院就诊的1 856例女性生殖道感染的患者的临床特点,液体培养法检测支原体,采用药敏鉴定板观察耐药性。结果本组1 856例女性生殖道感染患者的支原体阳性率为54.7%,其中解脲脲原体感染率为37.3%,人型支原体感染率为6.8%,混合感染率为10.6%。解脲脲原体感染、人型支原体感染和混合感染在各年龄组、不同文化程度以及不同职业间分布差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中解脲脲原体感染、人型支原体感染和混合感染在>60岁女性生殖道感染患者中感染率最高,分别为84.5%、18.7%和24.7%,在大专及以上感染率最低,分别为57.1%、8.1%和13.1%;解脲脲原体在务工人员中感染率最高,为88.4%;解脲脲原体和人型支原体混合感染在自由职业者中感染率最高,为27.6%。解脲脲原体对环丙沙星的耐药率达70.9%。人型支原体对罗红霉素的耐药率达90.6%。解脲脲原体和人型支原体混合感染对红霉素的耐药率达95.4%。结论本地区支原体感染以解脲脲原体感染为主,在不同年龄、文化程度和职业间存在不同分布,临床应根据药敏试验结果合理采用抗菌药物,防止耐药现象加重。

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of female genitourinary tract infection caused by mycoplasma, and analyze the antimicrobial resistance. Methods From March 2015 to March 2016, clinical characteris- tics of 1 856 female patients with genitourinary tract infection were analyzed retrospectively. Mycoplasma was detected with liquid culture method, and drug susceptibility test were performed to observe drug resistance. Results Positive rate of mycoplasma in the 1 856 patients was 54.7%, of which the rate of Ureaplasma urealyticum infection, Mycoplasma hominis infection, and mixed infection was 37.3%, 6.8%, and 10.6%, respectively. Distributon of Ureaplasma urealyticure, Mycoplasma hominis and mixed infection in different age, culture degree and occupation were statistically signifi- cant （P〈0.05）. The infection rates of Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and mixed infection were the highest in patients older than 60 years, which were 84.5%, 18.7%, and 24.7%, and were the lowest in education level of college and above, which were 57.1%, 8.1%, and 13.1%. Infection rate of Ureaplasma urealyticum was the highest in workers, which was 88.4%. Infection rate of Ureaplasma urealyticum mixed with Mycoplasma hominis was the highest in freelancer, which was 27.6%. Ureaplasma urealyticum showed 70.9% resistance rate to Ciprofloxacin; Mycoplasma hominis showed 90.6% resistance rate to Roxithromycin; Mixed infection showed 95.4% resistance rate to Erythromy- cin. Conclusion Patients in this region are mainly infected with Ureaplasma urealyticum, and show different distribu- tion in different age, education level and occupations. Antibiotics should be used based on antimicrobial susceptibility test to prevent drug resistance.