中医专业大学生交流恐惧现状及相关因素研究

Current situation and relative factors of communication apprehension in students of TCM specialties

目的调查中医药院校大学生的交流恐惧现状,对交流恐惧相关因素进行探讨。方法采用横断面研究设计,对北京中医药大学基础医学院5个班级学生进行问卷调查。收集研究对象基本信息、成绩相关信息及交流恐惧程度。应用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。结果共发放184份问卷,收回163份,应答率为88.6%。163人中,低、中、高度交流恐惧的人数分别为32(19.6%)例、121(74.2%)例、10(6.1%)例。成绩与交流恐惧程度无关(χ~2=3.2,P=0.20),交流恐惧程度与性别(χ~2=1.0,P=0.61)、是否独生子女(χ~2=4.4,P=0.11)、学制(χ~2=5.5,P=0.24)无关。不同成长环境的大学生交流恐惧程度存在统计学差异(χ~2=12.5,P=0.01)。结论针对交流恐惧的影响因素,在中医药院校开展鼓励学生自主学习、互动交流,是深入开展交流恐惧干预可推广的教学方式之一。

Objective To survey the current situation of communication apprehension in students in TCM colleges and universities,and discuss the factors related to communication apprehension.Methods The students in 5 classes in the School of Preclinical Medicine of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were given questionnaire by using the design of cross-section study to collect the basic data,information related to learning achievements and degree of communication apprehension.All data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS 22.0 software.Results There were totally 184 questionnaires given out,163 taken back,and response rate was 88.6%.Of 163 students,there were 32（19.6%）with low-degree communication apprehension,121（74.2%）with mid-degree communication apprehension,and 10（6.1%）with high-degree communication apprehension.Learning achievements were not related to degree of communication apprehension（χ~2=3.2,P=0.20）,and degree of communication apprehension was not related to sex（χ~2=1.0,P=0.61）,only child（χ~2=4.4,P=0.11）and educational system（χ~2=5.5,P=0.24）.There was statistical difference in degree of communication apprehension among students with different growth environments（χ~2=12.5,P=0.01）.Conclusion Aiming at the influence factors on communication apprehension,a teaching mode for encouraging autonomous learning and interaction is propagable to intervention of communication apprehension among students in TCM colleges and universities.