《醒世姻缘传》的塾师职业素养观及其现代启示

On the Views of Private Teachers' Professional Accomplishment of Marriages to Awaken Common People and Its Modern Revelation

《醒世姻缘传》是一部写实性很强的小说,对研究十七世纪中国教育具有重要的价值。西周生在创作《醒世姻缘传》时,遵循以"懿美和昭戒"而达到"醒世"目的的创作原则,以舒忠、陈六吉两位塾师为正面典型,以汪为露为反面教材,描绘了心目中理想的塾师形象,深刻揭露了当时私塾教育中师德堕落等问题,表达了对私塾教师职业素养的看法。西周生主张教师要德才兼备、与学生建立融洽关系、谨慎参与社会活动、廉洁自律、警惕在职业生涯中出现怠惰心理,对当今教师职业素养的形成和提高仍然有一定的借鉴意义。

Marriages to Awaken Common People is a highly realistic novel and valuable for the study of Chinese education in the 17 century. In order to achieve the purpose of ＂awakening the common people＂ ,praise and disciplinary were used as principles when the author wrote the novel. Xizhousheng told Shu Zhong and Chen Liuji,two ideal private teachers＂ stories,and Wang Weilu,a degraded teacher＇s story,to express his views about professional accomplishment of private teachers. Xizhousheng advocated that teachers should have education ability and noble teacher＇s virtue,build good relations with students,reduce to participate in social activities,keep probity and self-discipline,and remind them- selves not to relax in the teaching career. These views still have significance re- velation for formation and improvement the teachers＂ professional accomplishment nowadays.