微铣削Ti6Al4V刀具磨损机理研究

Tool Wear Mechanisms in Micro-milling of Ti6Al4V

采用直径1mm带涂层硬质合金微铣刀在Ti6Al4V材料表面展开微铣削刀具磨损试验,研究三个主要切削参数即主轴转速、每齿进给量、切削深度对切削力及刀具磨损量的影响;试验利用扫描电子显微镜与能谱仪观察刀具磨损形貌,分析其化学元素的变化,研究微铣削刀具的磨损机理。结果表明:每齿进给量与切削深度的增大造成切削力、刀具磨损量均变大,为了减小微铣刀磨损,延长使用寿命,可提升主轴转速,选用较小的每齿进给量及切削深度进行加工。微铣削Ti6Al4V刀具磨损主要发生在刀尖部位,并且多种磨损形式同时出现,粘结磨损是造成刀具磨损的主要原因,低速条件下微铣削刀具的损伤机理以磨粒磨损和粘结磨损为主,切削速度增大后发生粘结磨损的同时微铣刀刀尖处有一定程度的氧化磨损。

The micro grooves structures were machined on Ti6Al4 V surface with 1mm diameter coated carbide cutting tool. Researched on the influence of three main cutting parameters such as spindle speed,feed per tooth and cutting depth on cutting force and tool wear. The scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer were utilized to observe the tool wear morphology and analyze the chemical elements about tool surface. Then research on the mechanisms and patterns of cutting tools. The results showed that when the feed of per tooth and axial cutting depth increased,the cutting force and tool wear were increased. In order to reduce tool wear and improve the service life of the tool,the spindle speed can be increased then reduce the feed rate per tooth and cutting depth The tool wear in micro-milling of Ti6Al4 V is mainly occurs at the tip of the tool and a variety of tool wear patterns existed at the same time. The abrasive wear and adhesive wear were significantly under the condition of low rotating speed,diffusion wear and oxidation wear existed at the same time the spindle speed increased.