慢性肾脏病患儿心理卫生状况及影响因素分析

Chronic kidney disease child mental health status and influencing factors

目的了解慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患儿心理卫生状况和影响因素,为制定针对性的心理干预方案提供依据。方法对符合CKD诊断、年龄0~5岁、病程3个月以上的1 200例患儿进行问卷调查,由调查对象看护人完成答卷,收集患儿的基本情况、心理卫生状况,对其心理卫生状况影响因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,采用症状自评量表对患儿进行评分。结果共收集到1 200份有效问卷,CKD患儿的人际关系、焦虑、偏执因子等评分与健康儿童评分相比,差异具有统计学意义;患儿的病情与人际关系呈正相关,抑郁与患儿病情是否复发及身体状况有着密切的关系;CKD患儿家庭的经济状况较差,其中家庭月人均收入不足5 000元者占33.6%。CKD患儿看护人教育程度和家庭人均月收入与CKD患儿心理卫生良好率呈正相关,独生子女健康体检率高于非独生子女,随着CKD患儿家庭人均月收入的增加,CKD患儿心理卫生状况也逐渐改善。单因素和多因素分析结果显示,看护人低教育程度、低家庭经济收入等与CKD患儿的心理卫生状况相关。结论 CKD患儿心理存在一定程度的障碍,患儿看护人的低教育程度、低家庭经济收入等均可能是影响CKD患儿心理卫生状况的重要因素。

Objective Children with chronic kidney disease and mental health factors for the development of targeted psychological interventions to provide evidence.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on1,200 cases of children aged 0to 5 years with a history of more than3 months.The subjects were the caregivers of children with CKD during hospitalization.The basic situation,mental health status,the factors influencing the health status were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression.The symptom self-rating scale was used to investigate the children.Results A total of 1,200 valid questionnaires were collected.The scores of interpersonal,anxiety and paranoid factors in children with chronic kidney disease were statistically significant compared with norm.The interpersonal relationship was positively correlated with the condition of children,depression and children Whether the recurrence of the disease and physical condition is closely related;CKD children with poor economic conditions,including family monthly income of less than 5,000 yuan accounted for 33.6%.CKD children＇s education and family per capita monthly income and CKD children with good mental health was positively correlated,only child health examination rate higher than nononly child,with CKD children per capita monthly increase in income,CKD children psychological health status is also increasing the possibility.Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the low level of education and low family income were related to the mental health status of children with chronic kidney disease.Conclusions Chronic kidney disease child psychology there is a certain degree of mood disorders,caregivers of children with low levels of education,low-income families to staff may be an important factor in chronic kidney disease patients with mental health status of children.