SPF鸡不同生长阶段粪便菌群组成及多样性研究

Composition and Diversity of Fecal Microflora in SPF Chickens at Different Growth Stages

目的提供SPF鸡不同生长阶段肠道菌群的组成及多样性数据。方法采集10日龄、12周龄、23周龄和52周龄SPF鸡粪便,利用Illumina HiSeq 2500高通量测序方法,对样品16S rRNA的两个高变区(V3-V4)进行测序分析,并进行了α-多样性指数、β-多样性指数和粪便群落特征分析。结果四个生长阶段粪便样品菌群具有相似的较高的丰富度和良好的均匀度,物种多样性无显著差异(P>0.05);厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)丰度占95%以上;乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)为优势菌属,不同时期丰度差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。结论四个生长阶段菌群组成多样,且优势菌群主要为有益菌。该实验结果能够为SPF鸡品质评定、健康监测和安全性评价提供依据。

Objective To provide the composition and diversity of intestinal flora at different growth stages of SPF chickens. Methods The feces of SPF chickens at 10 d, 12 weeks, 23 weeks and 52 weeks old were collected. The two hypervariable regions （V3-V4） of the 16S rRNA of the samples were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform, and the alpha diversity, beta diversity and fecal community characteristics were analyzed. Results The fecal flora sample at four time points had similar high abundance and good uniformity and there was no significant difference in species diversity between the two groups （P〉0.05）. More than 95% of abundance were found in Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes; Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, and Enterocoecus were dominant species, and the abundance of different periods were significantly different （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The feces flora of SPF chiken at different growth stages are diverse, and the dominant bacteria are mainly beneficial bacteria. The experimental results are expected to provide the basis for assessing the quality, health monitoring and safety evaluation of SPF chickens.