浙江省台州市2007-2016年水痘流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella from 2007 to 2016 in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province

目的分析浙江省台州市水痘流行病学特征，为制定疫情控制措施和疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法，对台州市2007--2016年水痘报告发病数据进行分析。结果台州市2007—2016年共报告水痘病例17523例，死亡1例，年均报告发病率29．59／10万，2007--2015呈逐年上升态势，2016年水痘发病率回落，较2015年下降22．62％。发病高峰集中在春季（5—6月）和冬季（11月至次年1月）。主要为15岁以下儿童（73．53％），4周岁以上病例数迅速上升，5-12岁占15岁以下儿童病例的73．86％。共报告1起发生在小学的暴发疫情。结论基于台州市水痘流行特征，推荐2剂次水痘疫苗接种程序，以有效降低水痘发病率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Taizhou, and provide scientific evidence for the development of varicella control and prevention measures and vaccination strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiology analysis was conducted to analyze the reported incidence data of varicella from 2007 to 2016 in Taizhou. Results A total of 17 523 cases were reported during 2007 and 2016 including 1 death, and the average annual incidence rate was 29.59 per 100 000. The incidence increased gradually from 2007 to 2015, but decreased in 2016 by 22.62% compared with 2015. The peak seasons of varicella cases were in early summer （from May to June） and winter （from November to neJ/t January）. The main cases were children under 15 years old （73.53%）, and the number of cases increased rapidly among children above 4 years old. The proportion of 5-12 years old cases was 73.86% among cases under 15 years old. One outbreak of varicella in primary school was reported. Conclusions According to the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Taizhou, we suggest to start two-dose vaccination program to reduce the varicella incidence efficiently.