欧拉型藏羊母羊繁殖性能研究

Study on Reproductive Performance of Gannan Oula Sheep

甘南欧拉型藏羊一般为一年一胎,一胎一羔,初配年龄在1.5岁左右,成年母羊繁殖成活率为74.17%,繁殖性能低。根据配种季节不同可分为冬羔和春羔。冬羔成活率为92.51%,春羔成活率为85.49%,冬羔初生重显著高于春羔(P<0.05),冬羔5月龄时平均体重为29.5kg,同月龄的春羔为27.5kg。经测定1岁冬羔剪毛量为0.75kg;春羔剪毛量为0.55kg。冬羔显著高于春羔(P<0.05)。冬羔优于春羔,要加大冬羔的生产。母羊繁殖性状也受到年龄的影响,1.5岁初配羊与成年母羊相比,成年母羊产羔数、断奶数和初生重显著增加,经产母羊繁殖成绩高于初配母羊。为了进一步提高甘南欧拉羊的繁殖性能,还需要加强饲养管理,加强暖棚养殖和冷季补饲工作,研究推广频繁产羔体系,以期充分发挥其生产潜力。

Gannan Oula sheep usually have a tire with a lamb in a year and the initial mating age at 1.5- year-old. The survival rate of adult ewes was 74.17% and their reproductive performance was low. Lambs can be divided into winter lamb and spring lamb according to the breeding season. The survival rate of winter lamb was 92.51%, while spring lamb was 85.49%. Birth weight of winter lamb was significantly higher than that of spring lamb （P〈0.05）. Average body weight of winter lamb at 5-month-old was 29.5 kg, while the spring lamb is 27.5 kg. The shearing quantity determination of winter lamb at 1-year-old was significantly higher than that of spring lamb （P〈0.05）, which were 0.75 kg and 0.55 kg, respectively. In addition, reproductive performance of ewe was also affected by age, the lambing number, weaning number and birth weight of adult ewe were increased significantly compared with 1.5 years old ewe. It shows that reproductive performance of adult ewe was higher than 1.5 years old ewes. In order to improve the reproductive performance of Gannan Oula sheep, we should strengthen feeding management, greenhouse farming and cold season feeding work and promote frequent lambing system.