基于广义S变换的处理技术及断层解释——以准噶尔盆地中拐凸起克022井区石炭系为例

High resolution processing on seismic data and fault interpretation:Case study of Well Ke 022 zone Carboniferous,Zhongguai Uplift,Junggar Basin,China

准噶尔盆地中拐凸起石炭系发育火成岩,高速火成岩对下伏地层具有遮挡作用,使火成岩内部成像质量变差,不利于精细勘探。中拐凸起石炭系油气藏油气分布规律复杂,各个圈闭具有不同的油水界面。油气分布受断裂控制明显,对断层的精细刻画受地震资料品质的影响,其中小断层的识别难度较大。常规高分辨率处理技术在补偿高频的同时,降低了数据信噪比,给构造解释,尤其是小断层的识别增加了难度。为满足后期精细勘探的需要,以广义S变换为基础,对地震数据进行高分辨率处理,结果表明文中使用的技术具有保幅、保真的特点,在保证高信噪比的前提条件下,对地震数据中部分高频成分进行补偿。该技术有效解决了研究区内小断层地震反射层断波不断的现象,对断层精细解释及寻找断块圈闭起到指导作用。

The Carboniferous of Zhongguai Uplift develops igneous rock. High velocity igneous rocks have a shielding effect on underlying formations, which leads to poor imaging quality and is not conducive to fine exploration.The distribution rule of oil and gas in Carboniferous reservoirs is complex, and each trap has different oil-water interfaces.The distribution of oil and gas is controlled by fault,and the fine description of faults is affected by the quality of seismic data,and the minor fault is very difficult to identify.The con- ventional high resolution processing techniques always compensates the high frequency components while the signal-to-noise ratio decreases;in consequence, it makes the structure interpretation difficult, especially for the small fault.To satisfy the exploration demand in following stage,a high resolution technique based on Generalized S-transform is introduced in this paper.The proposed method is characterized by high fideli- ty and preserved-amplitude;it can compensate the high frequency contents on the basis of high signal-to- noise ratio.This method makes the seismic reflection continuous,and has the potential in the detailed seis- mic interpretation and seeking the structural trap.