深圳市生态用地变化及其影响分析

Changes of Ecological Land Use in Shenzhen and Its Impacts

本研究以2010年Landsat TM与2015年Landsat-oli数据为基础,使用土地利用动态度与土地利用转移矩阵作为研究方法,从土地利用变化幅度与变化面积方面,揭示五年间不同土地利用类型的变化方向。研究结果表明:林地、农田、湿地及其他地类为减少的土地利用类型,减少幅度最为剧烈的是其他地类,其次为农田,再次为湿地,最后为林地;增加面积的土地利用类型为草地与人工表面,增加的幅度都不大;从各地类变化的面积大小上看,人工表面增加18.29km^2,林地面积减少9.03km^2;这五年间林地转化为人工表面的面积有12.84km^2,而其他地类转为林地面积的只有7.18km^2,不足以抵消转化为人工表面的这部分面积。控制生态红线要以保护林地为基础,当地林业管理部门要严格审批占用林地的项目,保护原本面积的森林,才能控制住深圳市的生态红线,保证生态安全。

Based on the statistics of Landsat TM in 2010 and Landsat-oli in 2015, with the land-use dynamic index and the land-use transfer matrix, and from the perspectives of the ex- tent and area of land-use changes, the paper reveals the direction of different land-use changes within a span of five years. Results show that woodland, arable land, wetland and others are reducing, while grassland and artificial surface are slightly increasing. In terms of the area of land-use change, artificial surface was up by 18.29km2, while woodland was down by 9.03km2. Only 7.18km2 of others has been turned into woodland, not enough to offset those turned into the artificial surface. Protecting woodland is the foundation of controlling the ecological red line. Projects occupying woodlands must receive strict approval in order to hold the original forest and the ecological salty of Shenzhen.