我国农业害虫综合防治研究进展

Progresses on integrated pest management(IPM) of agricultural insect pests in China

农业害虫综合防治是昆虫学的一门应用科学,旨在明确农作物害虫的发生危害与暴发成灾规律,提出害虫监测预警和可持续治理的理论与方法。在2012-2016年的5年间,我国提出了基于生态系统服务和多尺度空间管理的害虫生态调控新理论,发展了害虫行为调控技术和化学防治新技术,并在棉铃虫对Bt棉花抗性治理对策、稻飞虱的监测预警和综合防控技术、小菜蛾抗药性诊断及治理技术、青藏高原农牧害虫发生规律和分区治理等防治实践中取得了重要进展。根据国际上害虫综合防治学科发展趋势和我国的研究现状,将来还需要在害虫灾变机制研究、害虫绿色防控技术创新研发以及集成应用等方面进行深入探索,为我国农业害虫可持续治理以及化学农药减量使用提供有力的科技支撑。

Integrated pest management （IPM） is an applied discipline in Entomology, which aims to illuminate the population dynamics and outbreak mechanism of agricultural insect pests and then propose the theory of early warning and sustainable management. During the past 5 years from 2012-2016, the ecologically based pest management （EBPM） based on ecosystem services and multiple-scale spaces was raised to enhance pest control in theory. Additionally, a series of new technologies including behavioral regulation and chemical control were developed. In practice, a large number of research progresses have been made, which included the resistance management of cotton bollworm （Helicoverpa armigera） to Bt cotton, early warning and integrated management of rice planthoppers, the resistance diagnosis and management of diamondback moth （Plutella xylostella）, and outbreak regulation and division management of agricultural and pasture insect pests in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. According to the research progresses in China and worldwide, the outbreak mechanisms, green management technologies, and integrated applications of multiple tactics should be emphasized in future, which will be available for sustainable management of agricultural insect pests and reduced use of chemical insecticides in China.