低水头闸坝工程鱼道过鱼效果评价

Analysis on the efficiency of fishway for the low-head gate dam

以水厂坝鱼道2015年8月至2016年7月监测资料为基础,进行统计分析,并通过与同类鱼道对比,对该鱼道的过鱼效果进行评价。分析了鱼道的过鱼种类组成,季节、上游水位变化对鱼道过鱼效果的影响。监测期内,水厂坝鱼道过鱼数量共1 043尾,39种,分属3目、10科37属,鱼道的主要过鱼季节是4—10月,当鱼道水温在20~35℃之间变化,上游水位32.6~33.0 m之间变化时,对应的鱼道水流条件可使鱼道达到较好的过鱼效果。与国内外其他鱼道相比,有39种鱼类能够找到水厂坝鱼道进口,并顺利通过鱼道,高于其他几个鱼道。但该鱼道过鱼数量较其他鱼道偏少。研究成果有助于流溪河上游水库开展生态调度及鱼类资源保护等工作,为推动流溪河其他梯级闸坝及珠三角平原区低水头闸坝工程增设鱼道提供参考。

The passing efficiency of the fishway for water plant dam in Liuxi River was evaluated by statis-tical analysis and comparing with other fishway based on the monitor data from August in 2015 to July in2016. The main contents includes that identifying the fish species, analyzing the influence of season andupper water level variation to passage efficiency, and comparing the result with other fishway at home andabroad. During the period of monitoring,there were 1,043 fishes being captured,which belong to 39 spe-cies,3 order,10 families,and 37 genera. The main passage season of the fishway is from April to Octo-ber. When the water temperature in the fishway varies from 20℃ to 35℃ and the upper water level variesfrom 32.6 to 33 m,the fishway corresponding to its flow regime is effective. There are 39 species fish canfind the entrance and pass over the fishway. Compared with other fishways at home and abroad,the waterplant dam fishway can better perform its function, except for there is less numbers than others. The studyresults play an important role in ecological operation for Liuxi Reservoir and protection of fish resources. Italso plays important role in demonstration and expansion fishway construction for other low-head gate damsin the Liuxi River and in the Pearl River Delta plains.