破舱油船水下油品泄漏过程的舱压效应研究

Effect of cargo tank pressure on process of submerged oil leakage from damaged tank of oil tanker

该文采用VOF模型和标准k-?湍流模型来实现负压条件下破舱油船水下油品泄漏,并用缩尺模型试验进行验证。通过对油品泄漏入海量及泄漏速度等泄漏特征参数的分析,获得舱压在泄漏动力中的作用及舱压在油品泄漏过程不同阶段的作用机理。研究表明:舱压在油品泄漏动力中的作用主要表现在受阻泄漏阶段,而自由泄漏阶段中油品重力的动力作用明显;舱压对油品的泄漏入海量影响较大,对压载舱内进水量及油品积累量影响小;在受阻泄漏阶段,舱压越小,油品泄漏入海率及压载舱内油品积累率越小,而进水率越大。

The VOF model and k-？ turbulence model were applied to simulate the behavior of submerged oil leakage from damaged tank of oil tanker in underpressure condition, and corresponding model test was carried out to verify the numerical results. The effect of cargo tank pressure on leakage power and the mechanism of cargo tank pressure in different leakage stages are explored by the analysis of leakage volume and leakage velocity. It shows that effect of cargo tank pressure in leakage power is mainly in resistance-leakage stage, and effect of oil gravity occurs in free-leakage stage. The cargo tank pressure influences volume of oil leakage to sea obviously, but volume of oil and water in ballast tank almost is not affected; The less cargo tank pressure in resistance-leakage stage, the large accumulation rate of water in ballast tank, and the less rates of oil leakage to sea and accumulation of oil in ballast tank.