江门市某化工企业员工健康状况的连续调查研究

Chemical Co.,Ltd.of Jiangmen city,the health of employees of a state of continuous investigation and research

目的了解江门市某化工企业使用生产有机溶剂的职业危害现状,为江门市职业卫生的监督管理、职业病防治工作提供依据。方法对某化工企业使用及生产有机溶剂过程中产生的职业性危险因素进行连续的调查研究,同时对作业现场空气中化学毒物浓度进行检测,对工人进行定期职业健康检查,将所得资料与信息进行综合分析。结果 2014年作业场所空气中化学有毒有害物质监测合格率为97.4%,同年接触组与对照组中发生白细胞降低率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);2015、2016年作业场所空气中化学有毒有害物质监测合格率均为100%,白细胞降低患者在该段时间内未出现明显差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);接触组鼻炎、咽炎患病率一直高于对照组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),接触组呼吸系统症状明显。结论该企业使用有机溶剂主要是苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、二异氰酸甲苯酯等。有机溶剂危害性大,在完善预防措施的情况下仍对工人健康造成一定的影响和损害。该企业职业卫生防护工作到位,应这通过成功经验向社会进一步宣传职业卫生的重要性。

Objective To understand the use of a chemical production of organic solvents status of occupational hazards in Jiangmen city provide the basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases and occupational health supervision and management in Jiangmen City. Methods The right use and production of organic solvents generated in the process of occu- pational risk factors were collected for continuous investigation and research, operating on - site air concentration of chemi- cal toxicological were tested, occupational health workers were carried out regular checks, all the information were collected for a comprehensive analysis. Results The monitoring pass rate for toxic and hazardous substances of the chemical in work- place air was 97.4% in 2014. In the same year, there was a significant difference in the incidence of white blood cells in exposure group and control group. The difference was statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The difference was statistically sig- nificant（P 〈 0.01 ）. In 2015 and 2016,workplace air monitoring of chemical toxic and hazardous substances passing rate was 100% , leucopenia in patients during that period didn＇ t occur within a significant difference between exposed group. The difference was not statistically significant （ P 〉 0. 05 ）, rhinitis, pharyngitis prevalence rate was higher than the control group, The difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. respiratory symptoms in exposed group was obvious. Conclusion The use of organic solvents in the company are mainly benzene, toluene, xylems, ethyl acetate, and toluene discarnate acetate. Organic solvents that caused great harm in the case of sound preventive measures still cause a certain impact on the health of workers and damage. Occupational health protection work of the enterprise is in place, through this the successful experiences ; it should be further promote the im- portance of occupational health to the community.