DL-SW微舱设计及对人造板VOCs的快速检测

Design of DL-SW micro-cabin for rapid detection and analysis of VOCs from wood-based panels

为了缩短人造板挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的检测周期,降低检测成本,提高产品的环保水平,设计出新型DL-SW微舱。以中密度纤维板、胶合板及刨花板为研究对象,在设定条件下对3种板材释放的VOCs进行快速检测,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析VOCs的具体成分及各组分含量,对比分析DL-SW微舱法与气候箱法的相关性。结果表明:DL-SW微舱法测得第1~3天3种板材总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)释放量下降最快,最终均在14 d内达到稳定状态。测得3种板材释放VOCs的主要成分为芳香烃、烯烃及烷烃,占TVOCs总量50%以上,其次为醛类、醇类、酯类和酮类。高温和高相对湿度环境下,3种板材TVOC释放量有显著增加,中密度纤维板、胶合板、刨花板TVOC初始释放量分别为970.56,3 954.49和658.00μg/m^3。DL-SW微舱法与1 m^3气候箱法测得的3种板材释放的VOCs物质种类相同,TVOC释放趋势一致,达到稳定状态时TVOC浓度相对偏差分别为13.95%,11.04%和9.06%。测得的TVOC稳态释放量拟合得到公式y=0.877 5x+0.344 7,拟合度R^2为0.996。DL-SW微舱法较1 m^3气候箱法检测时间缩短50%以上,且成本低、可靠性强,能同时调节温湿度及空气交换率,可作为1 m^3气候箱的比对产品,有助于提高人造板产品的环保水平。

To shorten the testing cycle of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） released from the wood-based panels,reduce testing costs and improve the level of environmental protection of products, we designed a new DL-SW micro-cabin. It was put forward for detecting the emissions of VOCs from medium density fiberboard, plywood and particle-board under the pre-setting test conditions. The components and the mass of the VOCs were confirmed by the gaschromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The data of the DL-SW micro-cabin was compared with that of thelm3 chamber method to analysis the correlation of the two methods and verify the feasibility of the new DL-SW micro-cabin. Results showed that total volatile organic compounds （TVOC） of the three kinds of panels had the fastest de-crease during the period of lth-3rd days, and eventually reached equilibrium state within 14 days. The main compo-nents of VOCs were aromatic hydrocarbons, alkenes and alkanes, accounting for more than 50% of the total amountof TVOC, followed by aldehydes, alcohols, esters and ketones. The VOCs emissions increased significantly under thehigh temperature and high humidity. The initial emission concentrations of medium density fibreboard, plywood, par-ticleboard were 970. 56, 3 954.49 and 7 658.00 txg/m3 , respectively. The release trends of the TVOC and the kindsof VOCs detected by the two methods were the same. The relative deviations of TVOC equilibrium concentrationswere 13.95%, 11.04% and 9.06%, respectively. According to TVOC equilibrium concentrations of the twomethods, the linear equation was y= 0. 877 5x＋0.344 7 and the fitting degree was 0.996. The time for the detection ofDL-SW micro-cabin was shorter than the half of the 1 m3 chamber method. The DL-SW micro-cabin has the advanta-ges of low cost, high reliability, adjustable temperature, and humidity and air exchange rate to simulate various testenvironments and achieve the VOCs rapid detection of wood-based panels. It could be used as a comparison of the re-sults obtained by the 1 m3 chamber to improve the level of environmental protection of the wood-based panels.