几种废旧纤维材料的吸油性能

Oil adsorption properties of some waste textile fibers

为了对比分析废旧纺织纤维的吸油性能,进而为废旧纤维在吸油材料领域的应用提供参考,选用废旧棉、亚麻、羊毛、丙纶为原料,测试吸油倍率、保油率,研究吸附时间、含油废水温度、废水含油量对纤维吸油倍率的影响。实验结果表明:纤维的形态结构对吸油能力影响大,4种废旧纤维中亚麻的吸油倍率最高,保油率最低;丙纶的吸油倍率最低,保油率最高;棉和羊毛的吸油倍率和保油率均居中。羊毛的吸油速率最快,吸附10 min达到吸油饱和,棉、亚麻、丙纶的吸附饱和时间为20 min。含油废水温度越低越利于纤维对油液的吸附,亚麻、棉和羊毛适合吸附含油量小于200 m L/L的含油废水,丙纶适合吸附小于100 m L/L的含油废水。

In order to compare and analyze the oil absorption properties of some waste textile fibers,and for provide a reference for waste fiber used in the field of oil adsorption material,waste cotton,flax,wool and polypropylene fibers were selected as experimental materials. Oil absorption capacities and oil retention rates of 4 waste textile fibers were measured respectively. The influences of adsorption time,temperature of oily wastewater and oil content of waste fiber on oil absorption capacities were studied. The experimental results indicated that,the influence of morphological structure on oil adsorption ability was big. The four waste fibers,for flax fiber,the oil absorption capacity was the highest and the oil retention rate was the lowest. The oil absorption capacity of polypropylene fiber was the lowest and the oil retention rate of polypropylene fiber was the highest. The oil absorption capacity and oil retention rate of cotton fiber and wool fiber were all in the middle position. The oil absorption rate of wool fiber was the greatest,when the adsorption time was 10 minutes,the material can reach absorption equilibrium. The saturated absorbtion time of cotton,flax and polypropylene was 20 minutes. When temperature of oily wastewater was relatively low,adsorption effect of fiber on the oily wastewater was better. Flax,cotton and wool were suitable for the absorption that the oil content of oily wastewater was less than 200 m L/L,and polypropylene was suitable for the absorption that the oil content of oily wastewater was less than100 m L/L.