抗稻瘟病、抗稻瘿蚊杂交稻“赣优明占”的生物学特性与产量结构分析

Biological Characteristics and Yield Structure of Rice-blast-resistant and Rice-gall-midge-resistant Hybrid Rice “Ganyoumingzhan”

根据抗稻瘟病、抗稻瘿蚊杂交稻"赣优明占"参加福建中稻区域试验的结果,分析了该组合的抗性、稻米品质、农艺性状以及产量结构特征。赣优明占高产、适应性广,在海南省高抗稻瘟病,在福建省中抗稻瘟病,在重庆抗稻瘟病。相关分析和通径分析结果表明:每穗粒数对产量的贡献率最大(0.475),其次是单位面积穗数(0.420),而结实率和千粒重对产量的贡献率很小;稻谷产量主要取决于库容量,库容量主要取决于单位面积总粒数,而单位面积总粒数又由单位面积穗数和每穗粒数共同决定。因此赣优明占高产的关键是培育多穗大穗,增加单位面积的总粒数,扩大库容量。

According to the results of rice-blast-resistant and rice-gall-midge-resistant hybrid rice variety ＂Ganyoumingzhan＂in Fujian provincial regional tests for middle rice varieties,we analyze the resistance,rice quality,agronomic traits and yield structural characteristics of this combination. ＂Ganyoumingzhan＂has high yield and wide adaptability,and it is highly resistant,moderately resistant,and resistant to rice blast in Hainan province,Fujian province,and Chongqing city,respectively.The results of correlation analysis and path analysis indicate that： the number of grains per spike has the largest contribution rate（ 0.475） to the yield,followed by the number of spikes per unit area（ 0.420）,while the seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight have a very small contribution to the yield; the grain yield mainly depends on the sink capacity,the sink capacity mainly depends on the number of total grains per unit area,and the number of total grains per unit area is decided by both the number of spikes per unit area and the number of grains per spike. So,the keys to obtain high yield of＂Ganyoumingzhan＂are to cultivate more and large spikes,increase the number of total grains per unit area,and enlarge the sink capacity.