荔枝叶螨的生物学特性及田间发生规律

Biological Characteristics and Field Occurrence Regularity of Oligonychus litchii

采用室内饲养的方法在控温控光条件下对荔枝叶螨的形态特征以及生物学特性进行了观察,并对该螨在广州地区荔枝园的种群动态进行了调查。结果表明:荔枝叶螨一生经历卵、幼螨、前若螨、后若螨、成螨5个不同发育阶段,在进入前若螨、后若螨和成螨之前均有一个静伏期;在26℃的条件下,整个世代的发育历期为12.96 d;在群体饲养中,子代雌雄性比约为3∶1;荔枝叶螨有拉丝结网的习性。在广州地区的荔枝园荔枝叶螨一年有两次发生高峰,分别在4月份和10月份,并且其种群数量受气温和降水的影响较为显著。

The morphological characteristics and life habits of Oligonychus litchii Lo et Ho are observed under temperaturecontrolling and light-controlling conditions in laboratory,and the population dynamics of this mite in litchi orchard in Guangzhou are investigated. The developmental stages of O. litchii include egg,larva,protonymph,deutonymph and adult,and there is a stationary phase before protonymph,deutonymph and adult stage. The developmental duration of this mite in a whole generation is12.96 d at 26 ℃. The offspring female-male ratio is about 3 ∶ 1 in colony rearing. O. litchii has the life habit of spinning. In litchi orchard in Guangzhou,O. litchii has two occurrence peaks in a year,the peak appears in April and October respectively,and the population density of this mite is affected by air temperature and rainfall obviously.