艾滋病患者并发肺结核和肺结核患者的影像学差异对比

Imaging differences of HIV/AIDS patients complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis from those ofpulmonary tuberculosis patients

目的探讨艾滋病合并肺结核和单纯肺结核患者的x线平片及胸部cT影像表现的差异，为临床诊断艾滋病合并肺结核提供参考。方法选择2011年7月至2015年6月期间本院收治的艾滋病合并肺结核患者42例为研究组，另选择本院同期收治的80例单纯肺结核患者为对照组，所有患者均行胸部x线及CT检查，对比分析两组患者的x线平片及CT表现的差异。结果病灶位置位于单纯结核好发部位、病灶仅累及1段、有致密斑片影、有小片淡薄影、有纤维增殖病灶、有空洞形成、有粟粒状病灶、有胸腔积液和有肺外结核的研究组分别为12例、14例、14例、24例、6例、4例、14例、14例和12例，与对照组的58例、60例、62例、6例、46例、38例、4例、12例和4例比较差异明显（χ2=19．972、17．416、14．367、21．473、10．972、9．793、6．479、4．074和7．143，P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论艾滋病合并肺结核和单纯肺结核患者的影像学表现有明显差异。

Objective To explore the differences of X ray and CT of HIV/AIDS patients complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis from those of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and provide some references for the clinical diagnosis of AIDS complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods 42 HIV/AIDS patients complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis treated at our hospital from July, 2011 to June, 2015 were selected as a study group and 80 pulmonary tuberculosis patients from the same period a control group. All the patients were examined by chest X ray and CT. The manifestations of X ray and CT were compared between these two groups. Results 12 cases＇ lesions located in the predilection site of pulmonary tuberculosis, 14 cases＇ involved first section, 14 cases＇ had dense patch shadow, 24 cases＇ had small piece of thin film, 6 cases got fiber hyperplasia lesions, 4 got cavitation, 14 had miliary lesions, 14 had pletiral effusion, and 12 had non-pulmonary tuberculosis in the study group and 58, 60, 62, 6, 46, 38, 4, 12, and 4 in the control group, with statistical differences （χ 2= 19.972, 17：416, 14.367, 17.416, 10.972, 9.793, 6.479, 4.074 and 7.143, P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The imaging findings of HIV/AIDS patients complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis are quite different from those of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.