刑法解释位阶顺序的重构与反思

Restructure and Introspect The Rank of Criminal Law Interpretation

从学理上讲刑法解释存在位阶上的顺序性,这主要是针对司法者所创立的位阶关系。刑法解释方法应遵循安定性优先,兼顾妥当性的原则,解释的结论也要符合本国的国情以及为本国民众所接受。刑法解释方法的位阶顺序分为:刑法解释方法的适用位阶以及刑法解释方法的效力位阶。刑法适用位阶遵照的顺序为文义解释→体系解释→历史解释→目的解释;在刑法的效力位阶中,目的解释居于首位,文义解释居于第二位,历史解释和体系解释是前两者的辅助手段。在具体解释的过程中,应分清刑法解释方法的位阶顺序与刑法解释方法的效力顺序,综合全面地去进行刑法解释的适用。

From a theoretical perspective, there is a rank between different methods of interpretation of criminal law. This rank is mainly founded for the judicial. The interpretation of criminal law should set the first aimon keeping the safety of criminal lawand the second aim onmaking the justice of criminal law. The conclusion of the interpretation should also conform to thenational condition and accepted by citizens. The interpretation of criminal law should follow the order of grammatical interpretation, systematical interpretation, historical interpretation, teleological interpretation. In the validity rank of criminal law, teleological interpretation is the first method; grammatical interpretation is second to telelogical interpretation; systematical interpretation and historical interpretation are the auxiliary means to the former methods. In the processofidiographic interpretation, it should be distinguishedbyorderrank and validityrank. And we should interpretatethecrimainallawarticlescomprehensively.